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Ph.D Jobs: Jobs, Scope, Careers, Government Jobs

As per All India Survey of Higher Education (AISHE) report from 2019, the number of PhD degrees awarded has increased by 60% in the last five years. The total admission increased from 1,24,451 to 2,02,5520 in 2019-20. It was also revealed that more than 2.02 lakh students enrolled for PhD programs. 

PhD also known as Doctor of Philosophy is one of the highest degrees awarded to a candidate who wants to pursue a career in research related fields. The duration of the course is usually 3 - 6 years. In order to get admission for any PhD courses, candidates must possess a masters degree in any discipline. However, it is advisable that the candidate must pursue a doctorate according to the course pursued in Masters. 

PhD Admissions are usually done on the basis of entrance exams such as CSIR UGC NET, IIT JAM, NPAT amongst the top of them. Candidates willing to pursue PhD in Engineering courses have to clear the GATE exam. Candidates can also choose the specialization in which they want to conduct research according to their interest and knowledge.

Post completion of a PhD course, there are many opportunities open to the candidates in both the sectors private as well as government. Candidates can land a high paying job depending on their specialization such as Research Scientist, Associate professor, Economists, Historians, etc. Candidates can expect a starting salary of INR 6 LPA. The highest salary can go up depending upon the experience, knowledge, skills etc. 

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How to Become a Professor Salary of a Professor

Ph.D Jobs

Getting a Doctorate degree within the chosen area of specialization opens many doors for the candidates in terms of job opportunities. Over the period of time, the opportunities have become very vast. PhD graduates decide whether they want to go for a start-up, gain experience and return to academics where their knowledge and skills can be put to use in an excellent way. Tabulated below are some of the top job profiles of Ph.D along with salary package, 

Job Profile Description Average Annual Salary
Scientific Writer A Scientific Writer is one who researches and analyzes the report on news and trends in the field of science. These scientific writers can be employed in investigation, scientific journals, write and publish articles, press releases, website content etc. 7.53 L
Associate Professor Associate Professors are one who are employed at universities/colleges and are responsible for teaching students and providing them with study material and notes. 4.00 L
Research Assistant A Research Assistant is responsible for conducting research studies on a certain topic and collects all relevant study material related to it. 3.10 L
Chief Research Manager A Chief Research Manager is responsible for supervising research projects, tracking the progress of those projects, and suggesting new methods and findings within the research. 10.00 L
Lecturer A Lecturer is a Ph.D. holding educator who is responsible for guiding the students on subject matters and through their project research. 7.8 L
Senior Consultant A Senior Consultant leads certain projects and client meetings while working on a product and its development. 14.10 L
Research Associate A Research Associate is responsible for collecting and analyzing research data and presenting them in a report for further evaluation. 3.80 L

Jobs After Ph.D: Sector Wise

Ph.D. holders are not only employed in the private sector but also the public sector. Post getting a doctorate degree, candidates have multiple areas to explore such as chemical or pharmaceutical companies, oil and gas industry, research industry, NGOs etc. The salary structure also varies in both private as well as government sectors. Discussed below are some of the top job profiles in Private as well as public sector ,

Jobs After Ph.D: Private Jobs

Jobs in the private sector are dependent on the specialization. PHd candidates can get multiple opportunities in the private sector as they are employed in almost all the sectors but their recruitment depends on which area they have their specialization. Some of the top recruiters in the private sector are Deloitte, Infosys, Google, Microsoft , private universities etc. The average salary is around INR 6.20 LPA. Some of the top job profiles are listed below for your reference, 

Job Profile Description Average Annual Salary
Professor A Professor teaches students at the college/university level and provides them study material and guidance through their project work. 7.8 L
Corporate Lawyer Corporate Lawyers are responsible for checking the legality of commercial transactions and represent their clients in court. 6.7 L
Computer Engineer A Computer Engineer is responsible for the maintenance and management of computers and computer-related softwares ensuring data security. 2.4 L

Jobs After Ph.D: Government Jobs

There are a plethora of opportunities in the government sector for PhD candidates and the salary structure is also high as compared to the private sector. Candidates can be employed in Hindustan Petroleum, GAIL, SAIL, government universities, Defense Research and Development Organizations etc. The average salary of a PhD candidate in the government sector is around INR 6.50 LPA. Tabulated below are some of the top job profiles in India in government sector, 

Job Profile Description Average Annual Salary
Professor A Professor is responsible for teaching students at the college/university level and providing them study material and guidance through their project work. 7.8 L
Public Prosecutor Public prosecutors are responsible for acting in public interest and act on behalf of the state to carry out justice against a criminal sanction while keeping in mind the rights of the individual. 6.5 L
Researcher A Researcher is responsible for collecting and analyzing data related to a certain topic and note down these findings in a well drafted research paper. 3.10 L
Computer Engineer A Computer Engineer is responsible for the maintenance and management of computers and computer-related softwares ensuring data security. 2.4 L

Jobs After Phd for Freshers

Candidates can be employed even while pursuing Phd or post completing PhD from a respectable college. The job opportunities are very wide and stretched. Candidates after completing PhD can be employed as scientific writer, Assistant Manager, Research Assistant etc. Candidates can also work in research and Development organizations who look for fresh PhD candidates. The salary is comparatively higher in Industrial Research and development. The starting salary of a PhD Candidate is around INR 6.50 LPA. Some of the top job profiles in India are listed below for your reference, 

Job Profile Average Annual Salary
Assistant Professor 4.00 L
Research Assistant 3.10 L
Computer Engineer 2.40 L
Legal Assistant 3.96 L
Consultant 8.00 L
Research Scientist 7.56 L
Senior Writer 12.69 L

Ph.D Jobs: Specialization wise

Jobs for PhD candidates also depend on Specialization in which the candidates have completed their research and doctorate degree. PhD offers many specializations that have different job profiles such as PhD in Management, PhD in Arts, PhD in Engineering, PhD medical, PhD legal studies etc. Let's discuss the job profiles based on specialization, 

Ph.D Computer Science Jobs

PhD in Computer Science is a 3 year doctorate program in computer science and its application. This course studies Research methodology, Data mining, machine learning, rough set theory etc. PhD in computer science have many job opportunities to offer such as software Engineer, Application Developer, Application Analyst and many more. Some of the top profiles in Computer Science are mentioned below,

Job Profile Average Annual Salary
Professor 6.38 L
Software Engineer 5.20 L
Software Developer 5.00 L
Web Developer 2.86 L

PhD Chemistry Jobs

PhD Chemistry is a 3 year doctorate program providing detailed academic study and research. This program can be stretched to 6 years. This course will give candidates detailed knowledge about different principles of thermodynamics, advanced levels of organic and inorganic chemistry, etc. Candidates have multiple opportunities to explore such as in chemical research centers, industries, forensic labs, food packaging, processing firms etc. Some of the top PhD Chemistry profiles are tabulated below.

Job Profile Average Annual Salary
Chemical Researcher 6.90 L
Junior Scientist 8.70 L
Forensic Chemist 5.40 L
Medical technologist 4.28 L

PhD Legal Studies Jobs

PhD in legal Studies is a 3 year doctorate program which can be extended for a period up to 6 years. This course basically involves research and theoretical approach to law in India. They are further classified on the type of law which can be chosen according to the interest of the candidate. This course offers wide opportunities in the private as well as public sector including litigation, Judiciary, lectureship etc. Some of the top profiles are provided below for your reference.

Job Profile Average Annual Salary
Professor 6.66 L
Corporate Lawyer 6.70 L
Public Prosecutor 6.50 L
Legal Consultant 7.00 L

Ph.D Economics Jobs

PhD in Economics is a 3 to 5 year doctorate program that the candidate can pursue after post graduation. The major areas covered in this program are Agricultural economics, Financial economics, business economics, banking economics etc. Some of the top recruiters hiring PhD economics candidates are Bank of India, Bharat petroleum, Goldman sachs, etc. 

Job Profile Average Annual Salary
Banker 2.90 L
Professor 3.80 L
Economists 7.17 L
Financial Managers 11.01 L

Ph.D Jobs in India

Ph.D. offers many job opportunities in India in both the public and private sector. Candidates have multiple opportunities to explore. Most of the PhD candidates go for lectureship or in research and development facilities, litigation, Scientific research etc. Some of the top Profiles are discussed below for your reference, 

Job Profile Average Annual Salary
Assistant Professor 4.00 L
Associate Professor 7.80 L
Research Manager 10.00 L
Banker 2.90 L
Historian 11.79 L
Economist 7.17 L
Nutritionist 3.80 L
Lawyer 6.70 L
Consultant 8.00 L

Ph.D Jobs: Salary

According to Glassdoor, the average salary of a PhD candidate is around INR 6.80 L. The Starting salary is around INR 6 LPA while the highest can go up to INR 30 LPA. The salary also depends on the area of specialization which might vary as some of the most high paying Phd are legal, Economics, biotechnology, etc. Some of the top profiles are mentioned below for your reference.

Job Role Average Annual Salary
Assistant Professor 4.00 L
Associate Professor 7.80 L
Research Assistant 3.10 L
Research Manager 9.80 L
Banker 8.20 L
Financial Manager 10.23 L
Economist 7.17 L
Historian 5.50 L
Computer Engineer 6.51 L
Lawyer 4.45 L

Ph.D Jobs: FAQs

Ques. What is Ph.D?

Ans. A Ph.D is a doctoral research degree that might take 4-5 years to complete and is awarded to those candidates who have conducted successful research in their field. This is referred to as the highest academic degree.

Ques. What are the career prospects of Ph.D ?

Ans. There are career options after Ph.D:

  • Associate Professor
  • Researcher
  • Guest Lecturer
  • Assistant Researcher

Ques. What are the skills required to become a Ph.D. graduate?

Ans. The skills required to become a Ph.D. graduate are:

  • Attention to detail
  • Self-management 
  • Analysis and problem-solving
  • Information Management

Ques. Who are the top recruiters for Ph.D graduates?

Ans. Some of the top recruiters for Ph.D graduates are:

  • Colleges/Universities
  • Research institutes
  • Inter-school
  • Government Jobs

Ques. Is there any internship required to become a Professor?

Ans. No, there is no internship required to become a Professor. 

Ques. Can a student with Ph.D. in Economics become an IAS Officer ?

Ans. Yes, students from any background can aspire to become an IAS Officer irrespective of their stream. 

Ques. Can one pursue Ph.D from distance learning?

Ans. Yes almost every college in India provides Ph.D from distance learning.

Ques. What is the highest salary of a Ph.D. graduate?

Ans. The highest salary of a Ph.D. graduate can be around INR 24-26 LPA.

Ques. What do professors do?

Ans. A professor is responsible for:

  • Teaching college/university students
  • Disseminating study material
  • Guiding students through their project work
  • Conducting research work

Ques. What is the highest salary of a Researcher?

Ans. The highest salary of a Researcher in India is around INR 20 LPA. 

Top sciences Colleges Abroad

Ph.D. : 35 answered questions

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Ques. What is the minimum GATE score to do a PhD in the IIT, Madras?

● Top Answer By Ranjini Banerjee on 01 Mar 22

Ans. Admission to a Ph.D. program at IIT Madras depends on a number of factors. The GATE cutoff doesn’t have much weightage in the selection process. For shortlisting, IIT Madras considers the 10th, 12th, graduation, and masters percentile along with your GATE percentile. You need to have a valid GATE score but the required score is lower compared to the M.Tech cutoff.  For selection, more emphasis is placed on your performance in the written test and interview. Read more
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Ques. How is the Direct PhD program of IIT Madras?

● Top Answer By Arati Sinha on 29 Mar 23

Ans. If you are considering pursuing a Ph.D. at IIT-M, you might be interested in knowing about the similarities and differences between a regular Ph.D. and a direct Ph.D. Here's what you need to know: Selection Procedure: All Ph.D. candidates, whether applying for a regular or direct Ph.D., have to clear a written exam followed by an interview at the institute. Coursework: A regular Ph.D. scholar has to complete four courses, while a direct Ph.D. candidate has to complete eight courses. If you are interested in a dual degree (i.e., MS by research and Ph.D.), you will need to complete two extra courses. Comprehensive Exam: After completing the coursework (usually taking two semesters), every candidate has to undergo a comprehensive exam consisting of a written test and an interview. You will have two chances to clear the comprehensive exam. If you fail to clear the comprehensive exam, you can still obtain an MS degree and get placed or join the Ph.D. program later. The amount and quality of research work by both kinds of Ph.D. candidates are the same. Financial Assistance: A regular Ph.D. candidate is eligible for financial assistance once to attend any international conference outside India. A direct Ph.D. candidate is eligible for financial assistance twice to attend an international conference outside India. Both regular and direct Ph.D. candidates can attend any national/international conference within India once every semester with full financial assistance. Stipend: The stipend for regular Ph.D. candidates is up to five years. The stipend for direct Ph.D. candidates is up to six years. Pre-Post Doc Fellowship: If you submit your degree within 4.5 years for a regular Ph.D. or 5 years for a direct Ph.D., you are eligible for a pre-postdoc fellowship.Read more
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Ques. How is a PhD in IIT Mandi? Is it good or only a time pass like in most NITs?

● Top Answer By Anumita Dixit on 25 Aug 22

Ans. A Ph.D. from IIT Mandi is certainly not a time pass. You need to put consistent efforts to keep up with the coursework. IIT Mandi follows a demanding curriculum. Ph.D. students need to maintain a CGPA of 7.5 out of 10. Students need to publish 2 reputed journal papers and various conference papers. They also need to deliver research seminars, It is anything but easy.  IIT Mandi has an excellent faculty base. Most faculty members are alumni of old IITs or universities abroad. So, they expect older IIT-level performance from Ph.D. students. Read more
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Ques. How good is doing a PhD in BITS Pilani compared to IITs?

● Top Answer By Ketan Kohli on 19 Jul 21

Ans. Some of my seniors studied at BITS Pilani and while they may not know much about the IITs, they do know that the funds the institute is receiving are helping it grow more and more. The campus is being renovated and more equipment is being bought for the labs. For study projects, lab projects, thesis, and the students who work under the faculty will be interacting with the undergraduate students. The interactions can be instrumental in honing your academics and other skills for success. Some other standout features are: The institute encourages friendships among the students, both seniors, and juniors. The atmosphere is thus welcoming and cooperative. The campus is gradually gaining popularity among recruiters who work in top companies. Sometimes the guest lecturers come from abroad. They also engage in interaction with the students through teleconference. This means the institute is gaining more and more exposure. The faculty in charge of the Ph.D. students is highly successful and well experienced. There is a rise in the IT sectors and with the presence of highly successful industries in and around Hyderabad. The students get a lot of opportunities to mingle with the professionals outside and also engage in projects. Hyderabad also has a number of popular institutes and is a great place for students who are currently and willing to pursue Ph.D. As BITS Pilani is still growing consistently, the fees are getting higher. The money is poured into the expansion of the institute.Read more
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Ques. What is the value of a Ph.D. degree from IIT Bombay?

● Top Answer By Karuna Nair on 13 Mar 23

Ans. If you want to achieve self-satisfaction by gaining maximum knowledge about your research area, a Ph.D. could be a great way to do so. Consider coming to IIT Bombay if you are always enthusiastic about learning something new and doing something innovative. Your work will depend on your area and how far you can reach in the industry. For example, if your area is controlled, you can reach many consulting firms or industries that deal with automation problems. In fact, my lab deals with many industrial problems related to such issues. Your work will be recognized as an asset for IITB, and research is the foremost thing that every professor looks forward to. Apart from that, you can enjoy a good life as a Ph.D. student here, with the freedom to think in many directions and develop your research skills at your own pace. A Ph.D. degree from IIT Bombay is well-recognized. Many of the students, who are doing their Ph. D.s here in controls, are well settled abroad or in India, which proves the worth of this degree.Read more
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Ques. What are all the advantages of doing Ph.d in IIT Madras?

● Top Answer By Aditi Sengupta on 29 Mar 23

Ans. When considering pursuing a Ph.D., it is important to understand the challenges that come with it. However, if you have a passion for research and contributing to the world through your technical knowledge, you can bring about a change. Additionally, pursuing a Ph.D. at IIT Madras can offer many financial advantages and opportunities for personal and professional growth. Here are some of the financial advantages of joining the Ph.D. program at IIT Madras: Stipend: As a Ph.D. student at IIT Madras, you will receive a stipend of 31,000 INR per month. This stipend is provided to help you cover your living expenses while you focus on your research. PMRF Scheme: You can also try for the Prime Minister's Research Fellowship (PMRF) scheme. If you perform well in your first semester, you can apply for lateral entry (or direct entry) and receive a stipend of 70,000 INR per month.  Financial Benefits for Research Conferences and Publications: You can receive financial benefits of 1.5 to 2 lakhs per annum to attend research conferences and publish your work. This can help you expand your research network and showcase your work to a wider audience. Semester Exchange: Semester exchange to top universities across the globe is also possible, subject to your guide's approval. This can provide you with an opportunity to gain exposure to different research environments and cultures. Quarters for Married Ph.D. Students: If you are a married Ph.D. student, quarters are provided in the residential area of IIT Madras. This can help you and your spouse live comfortably while pursuing your studies. High-Paying Job Opportunities: After completing your Ph.D., any top band industry is ready to pay you thousands of dollars. This is because you would have acquired a specialized set of skills and knowledge that are highly valued in the industry. Scientist D Level in Government Organizations: You can also become eligible for entry to the Scientist D level in government research organizations such as ISRO, DRDO, and BARC, provided you have the minimum required experience. Teaching Opportunities: Pursuing a Ph.D. can also help you improve your teaching skills. As a Ph.D. student at IIT Madras, you will have the opportunity to teach B.Tech, Dual Degree, M.Tech, and MS students. This can help you gain valuable teaching experience and learn from your students as well. In conclusion, pursuing a Ph.D. at IIT Madras can provide you with many financial advantages and opportunities for personal and professional growth. If you have a passion for research and technical knowledge, a Ph.D. can help you make a positive impact on the world.  Read more
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Ques. What is the placement scenario after PhD in IIT Bombay?

● Top Answer By Advait Joshi on 17 Mar 23

Ans. The placement scenario after PhD in IIT Bombay is generally poor, according to student feedback and departmental elections. Ph.D. students typically have very specific knowledge that may not be useful to companies, so they may not be recruited by BTech companies. There is no specific body that helps bring companies for Ph.D. students, resulting in a lack of job opportunities for graduates. Ph.D. graduates pursue two directions: Professor in a University or a specified job, but finding a job can be difficult without faculty contacts. The average salary for a Ph.D. student at IIT Bombay ranges from INR 3.4 Lakhs to INR 4.2 Lakhs per year .Read more
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Ques. Is a PhD from IGNOU valid?

● Top Answer By Pankaj Kumar on 18 Oct 22

Ans. PhD from IGNOU is as valuable as from any other university. The UGC has recently ruled that PhD from distance education is no longer valid. This is applicable to every university. PhD is valid only in regular mode. This can be both part-time or full-time. IGNOU offers both so yes PhD from IGNOU is valuable. In fact, it is more valuable than the same degree from Manipal or Lovely Professional University.  PhD from IGNOU is valuable because of the following reasons: Affordable fees  Both part-time and full-time available ( both approved by UGC) Easy distance education Can be pursued alongside a business or profession. What really matters is what you learn during your course and how you apply it.Read more
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Ques. What is the placement record of MSc applied statistics students of IIT Bombay?

● Top Answer By Poornima Sahoo on 18 Mar 23

Ans. The table below shows the key placement highlights of MSc applied statistics students of IIT Bombay. Particulars  Statistics  Median Salary INR 55.4 LPA Average Salary INR 17.9 LPA Placement Percentage 66.67% International Offers 58 Top Recruiters  Accenture | Analog Devices | Apple | CITI Bank | Google | Hindustan Unilever | HONEYWELL | IBM | ISRORead more
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Ques. How will be the selection procedure for direct PhD in IIT Madras?

● Top Answer By Sudesna Gupta on 20 Jul 21

Ans. The selection procedure for a direct Ph.D. in IIT Madras varies as per the department. Usually, there is a primary election that is based on the CGPA that you obtain after clearing any national-level entrance exam like GATE. After this, you need to give an interview and a written test round. If you want to go for MS by research or Ph.D., you will have to appear for a written test which is followed by an interview. These tests are conducted twice a year, in May and in November. Check the IIT Madra website regularly. Once you apply for the Ph.D. position, and you get shortlisted, and then you can appear for the written exam. The written exam is similar to what the GATE exam is and there is no difference for MS and Ph.D. aspirants. Your interview will be conducted only if you clear the written test. However, if you do not clear the written or the interview round, and you are interested in some particular work that is being carried out by any professor, you can approach them directly and ask for a research or project assistant’s position. If the professor is impressed by your work, they may convert you to a full-time Ph.D.Read more
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Ph.D. Colleges IN INDIA

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Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research - [PGIMER]
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Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research - [PGIMER]

Chandigarh, Chandigarh
M.Phil/Ph.D in Science(3 Yrs)9.8
₹ 3.47 K first year fees
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IIM Jammu Indian Institute of Management
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IIM Jammu Indian Institute of Management

Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir
M.Phil/Ph.D in Science(3 Yrs)9.7
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PSG Institute of Management - [PSGIM]
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PSG Institute of Management - [PSGIM]

Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu
M.Phil/Ph.D in Science(2 Yrs)9.4
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Krea University
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Krea University

Sri City, Andhra Pradesh
M.Phil/Ph.D in Science(3 Yrs)9.3
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Indian Institute of Social Welfare and Business Management - [IISWBM]
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Indian Institute of Social Welfare and Business Management - [IISWBM]

Kolkata, West Bengal
M.Phil/Ph.D in Science(3 Yrs)9.2
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Bharathidasan Institute of Management - [BIM]
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Bharathidasan Institute of Management - [BIM]

Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu
M.Phil/Ph.D in Science(3 Yrs)9.1
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School of Planning and Architecture - [SPA]
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School of Planning and Architecture - [SPA]

Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh
M.Phil/Ph.D in Science(3 Yrs)9.1
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National Institute of Fashion Technology - [NIFT]
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National Institute of Fashion Technology - [NIFT]

New Delhi, Delhi NCR
M.Phil/Ph.D in Science(3 Yrs)9.1
₹ 1.22 L first year fees
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