Engineers define the functional requirements accurately, plan and analyze components, assemble and test the completed design, and assess the design's inherent performance, cost, compatibility, and safety. There are various types of engineers depending on the specialiation pursued and their area of work. Some of the most common engineering fields include Mechanical Engineers, Software Engineers, Desktop Engineers, Chemical Engineers, Aeronautical Engineers, Hardware Engineers etc. The salary for each type, varies from one another. The average starting salary of a Computer Engineer is INR 2.25 LPA where as the starting salary of a Hardware Engineer is INR 1.80 LPA, on the other hand the salary of an Aeronautical Engineer is INR 3.46 LPA in India. Check: How to Become a Data Scientist
To become an engineer one must complete class 12 with Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics as the subjects in order to pursue engineering. Moreover, candidates must take engineering admission exams administered by a variety of institutions, including the IITs and various state boards and institutions. Candidates must qualify for JEE Main, JEE Advanced, or other state entrance exams. Candidates can pursue engineering courses from the NITs and IITs in India. The average fee to pursue an engineering course ranges from INR 2 LPA - 7 LPA. Read More: Salary of an Engineer
Table of Contents
2.2 Civil Engineer
Who are Engineers?
Engineers are in charge of developing and innovating new products, services, technologies, and processes. They can work in a variety of fields, making this a diverse career path for aspiring engineers to pursue. An engineer is a professional who creates, designs and maintains a wide range of machines, structures, and data systems. Engineers are also responsible for adhering to their employer's budget and timeline specifications. Engineers are experts in their fields, constantly creating and innovating.
Types of Engineers
Engineering is a broad subject, and there are so many different sorts of engineering to select from that it can be tough to decide which one is right for an aspirant. Some engineering subjects are considered sublets or subfields of larger engineering disciplines. The 6 major kinds of engineering professions are mentioned herewith:
Aeronautical Engineer
- The study, design, development, building, testing, science, and technology of airplanes are all covered by the field of aeronautical engineering.
- Those who are fascinated by the antiquity and procedure of flying machines, from the earliest constructs in the model to advances in modern jets are the best candidates for aeronautical engineering.
Qualification & Eligibility Criteria for Aeronautical Engineering
The term of the study in Aeronautical Engineering is 4 years where semester examinations are held in which students gather high knowledge about aeronautical engineering, design and testing. To become an aeronautical engineer, candidates can refer to the following section.
| Course | Qualification | Eligibility Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| Aeronautical Engineering | At the time of enrolment, applicants must have completed 10+2 with Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics, or an AICTE-approved three-year engineering diploma in any stream, or any higher qualification in science with Physics and Mathematics. | At the time of enrolment to the Aeronautical Engineering program, students must be between the ages of 16 and 28. For admission in India, aspirants must pass the AME CEE test. |
Civil Engineer
- Specialized expertise for the design and development of infrastructure projects is termed as the study of civil engineering and a person who masters it is termed as a civil engineer.
- Those who are fascinated about designing (computer-aided designing) and building certain structures or aim to grasp knowledge in hydraulics, mechanics, geotechnics (resolving architectural issues using the study of the Earth's crust), statistical analysis or material science are the most suitable for a civil engineering course.
Qualification & Eligibility Criteria for Civil Engineering
The Civil Engineering degree program lasts 4 years and is divided into 8 semesters. During these four years, the infrastructural needs of the society are focused upon and taught.
| Course | Qualification | Eligibility Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| Civil Engineering | A minimum of 45% in 10+2 from a recognized university/institute or college is required in order to be eligible for the civil engineering course. With that, one will need a combined score of 50% (40% for SC/ST applicants) in Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, and Biology. If an individual has adequately performed in admission examinations like IITJEE, AIEEE, BITSAT, and others, their grades will be taken into account (positive score). | If a person has finished a diploma degree in the very same subject and wishes to pursue a B.E. in civil engineering, they may begin with the second year directly. The first criterion is based on merit, or marks in 10+2, while the second is for management slots, which are typically allocated and maintained at private colleges. |
Electrical Engineer
- Electrical engineering is concerned with the use of electricity. Electrical engineers concentrate on large-scale generation and distribution of electrical power, whereas electronics engineers concentrate on much smaller electronic circuits, such as those found in computer systems.
- One can pursue a career as an electrical engineer if they are fascinated with how systems and electrical devices work or want to contribute in directing power towards technological improvements or are in desire to acquire knowledge regarding setting up electrical systems and have plans on how they could be worked upon.
Qualification & Eligibility Criteria for Electrical Engineering
Electrical Engineering can be completed as a graduate or a postgraduate degree.
| Course | Qualification | Eligibility Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| Electrical Engineering | Class 12 pass in PCM/PCMB topics with at least 50% from a recognized institution or university or equivalent is the minimum qualifying criterion for Electrical Engineering (BTech). A BTech degree in electrical engineering is required to study Electrical Engineering at the postgraduate level. |
One can pursue Electrical Engineering or any BTech/BE/MTech from a majority of the institutes that offer this course depending on the scores gained by the candidate in any national or state level entrance exam such as JEE Main, JEE Advanced etc. |
Mechanical Engineer
- Mechanical engineering is one of the oldest and most extensive disciplines of engineering, dealing with the design, manufacturing, and maintenance of mechanical systems. Statics and dynamics, thermodynamics, fluid dynamics, stress analysis, mechanical design, and technical drawing are among the topics covered.
- If one enjoys figuring out mechanical equipment, coming up with new and inventive ideas in sectors such as renewable energy and artificial intelligence, or working as part of an interdisciplinary team to create and enhance mechanical technologies, Mechanical Engineering is the field for them.
Qualification and Eligibility Criteria for Mechanical Engineering
An aspirant would have to complete the 4-year program of Bachelors of Engineering in Mechanical Engineering (BE).
| Course | Qualification | Eligibility Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| Mechanical Engineering | The candidate must have graduated from a recognized high school. In 12th grade, the candidate should have studied physics, chemistry, and mathematics. In class 12th, they should have received at least 60% of the marks. Government institutes generally give some relief to the reserved groups. Candidates for lateral entrance must have completed a three-year diploma in a comparable subject from a recognized university. |
The majority of institutions admit students based on their performance on the entrance exam and publish their own cut-offs. A merit list and entrance test are used to determine admission to the BE Mechanical Engineering program, which is accompanied by a personal interview. |
Computer Engineer
- Computer engineering is the study of computer hardware and software design and prototypes. Electrical engineering and computer science are combined in this discipline. BTech in the area of computer engineering and computer sciences is a four-year academic undergraduate degree that integrates computer technology.
- One can pursue Computer Engineering if they are fascinated by software developers or computer engineers and are interested in studying science, computers and mathematics and are keen to know how computerized technology works at a physical level.
Qualification & Eligibility Criteria for Computer Engineering
Computer Engineering is a 4-year undergraduate course. To become a computer engineer, candidates must fulfill the following minimum eligibility criteria.
| Course | Qualification | Eligibility Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| Computer Engineering | An applicant must have a graduate degree with a minimum of 10+2 years of formal education from a recognised board, with Mathematics as among the specialties. Candidates must have completed the 12th standard or an equivalent examination approved by the AICTE and the State Government in Physics and Mathematics, with Chemistry, Electronics, Biology, Biotechnology, and Computer Science as alternative subjects and English as one of the study languages and students must have an overall grade point average of at least 45% (40% for SC/ST/OBC). | Candidates must be at least 17 years old to be considered. The maximum age, however, is established at 23 years old. To be qualified for JEE Main, a candidate must have scored at least 75% on their 10+2 exams. The minimum necessary aggregate marks range between 50% and 65% . |
Chemical Engineer
- Chemical engineering is a branch of engineering that studies the operation and design of chemical facilities, as well as techniques for increasing output. Chemical engineers create cost-effective commercial procedures for transforming raw materials into usable goods.
- Chemical Engineering course contents cover a wide range of topics, allowing students to learn about a number of topics and their applications throughout the course. They are also required to do numerous laboratory experiments, which helps them succeed in the Chemical Engineering course and in the future.
Qualification & Eligibility Criteria for Chemical Engineering
A bachelor's degree in chemical engineering (B.E. Chemical Engineering) is a full-time undergraduate program with a duration of 4 years in chemical engineering.
| Course | Qualification | Eligibility Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| Chemical Engineering | The student must have finished their 10+2 with science, with Physics, Mathematics, and Chemistry as obligatory courses, with the needed cut-off depending on the college. | Depending on the college, the candidate must pass the admission tests with the requisite grades. Students interested in pursuing a master's degree in engineering should ensure that they have a bachelor's degree in engineering. Also, one must score higher than the cut-off given by each college. Aspirants can pursue Chemical Engineering by clearing and getting admitted in colleges based on the marks of JEE Main, JEE Advanced, BITSAT, and MHT CET. |
Skills Required to Become an Engineer
| Up to date technical knowledge | Creativity |
| Communication | Innovation |
| Leadership | Enthusiasm |
| Interpersonal | Attention to Detail |
| Critical Reasoning | Resilience |
Average Salary of an Engineer
The average salary of an engineer in India ranges from Rs 3 Lakhs to almost Rs 7 Lakhs depending on the specialization. In 2020, the growth rate for hiring engineers had increased to over 31% in comparison to the 2014 data according to the Statista Research Department. Since then, there has been a decrease due to the pandemic situation hitting but the growth rate is expected to increase by 10% in 2029. Following is a list of the average salary an engineer in different fields would earn:
| Job Profile | Average Annual Salary (INR) |
|---|---|
| Aeronautical Engineer | 6.7 L |
| Civil Engineer | 3 L |
| Electrical Engineer | 3.6 L |
| Mechanical Engineer | 3.5 L |
| Computer Engineer | 5 L |
| Chemical Engineer | 4.8 L |
Types of Engineers: FAQs
Ques. Which engineering institutes are at the highest positions?
Ans. Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs): Currently, there are 16 IITs in the country:-IIT Bombay , IIT Delhi , IIT Madras , IIT Kanpur , IIT Roorkee , IIT Kharagpur , IIT (BHU) Varanasi , IIT Gandhinagar , IIT Guwahati , IIT Patna , IIT Mandi , IIT Ropar , IIT Bhubaneswar , IIT Hyderabad , IIT Jodhpur and IIT Indore.
National Institutes of Technology (NITs): There are around 30 NITs in the country. Indian Institutes of Information Technology (IIITs)
Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT)
College of Engineering, Guindy (CEG)
Delhi Technological University (DTU)
Ques.What should one pursue after completing B.E or B.Tech?
Ans. M.E./M.Tech is a technical master 's degree. If you want to further your career in management, you should get an MBA. Work for a few years in the commercial or public sector to get experience. This may help you select between M.Tech and MBA by giving you a clearer image of your interests.
Ques. Is there a way to pursue B.Tech and a Diploma course at the same time?
Ans. Two regular courses cannot be taken at the same time. One should be a normal course, while the other should be a distance or short-term certificate course. Managing two classes will undoubtedly be a difficult undertaking that will take up more of your time. Choose two courses only if you are confident in your ability to execute and score well, as doubling the workload makes it more difficult. Taking two courses at the same time won't guarantee you a decent career. To bear the pressure and do well in both courses, you'll need to be determined.
Ques. After completing B.Tech in ECE, what are the best short term courses?
Ans.
- Advanced Diploma in Real Time Operating Systems
- PG Diploma course in Industrial Automation System Design
- Diploma in VLSI Design
- Certificate program in VLSI design engineering
- Diploma in Embedded Systems Design
- Online course on Embedded Systems
- Telecom Protocol Development
- Certificate courses in Verilog and VHDL
- Signaling & VoIP Protocol Implementation
- Advanced Diploma in DSP System Design
- Optical Fiber Communications
- Post Graduate Diploma in Wireless and Mobile Computing
- Diploma in Wireless Technology
- Radio-Television Systems
- Communication Engineering
- Control & Computing
Ques.Is there a difference between science and engineering?
Ans. Yes. Science is information that is founded on observed facts and tested truths that are organised in a logical framework that can be confirmed and shared with others. Engineering is the creative use of scientific concepts to design, develop, lead, guide, manage, or work on systems that help us sustain and enhance our daily lives.
Ques. Are there scholarships provided to engineering aspirants which are funded by the central government?
Ans. Yes, the list of scholarships provided to engineering aspirants funded by the central government are:
- Post Matric Scholarships Scheme for Minorities
- Merit Cum Means Scholarship for Professional and Technical Courses CS (Minorities)
- Scholarships for Top Class Education for Students with Disabilities
- Prime Minister’s Scholarship Scheme for Central Armed Police Forces and Assam Rifles
- Post Matric Scholarship for Students with Disabilities
- Central Sector Scheme of Scholarship for College and University Students
- Financial Assistance for Education of the Wards of Beedi/Cine/IOMC/LSDM Workers – Post-Matric
- S.N. Bose Scholars Program
- AICTE PG (GATE/GPAT) Scholarship
- AICTE-National Doctoral Fellowship Scheme
- Digital India Internship Scheme
- Prime Minister’s Research Fellowship (PMRF)
- Khorana Program for Scholars
- Ramanujan Fellowship (Science and Engineering Research Board)
Ques. Are there reservations for institutes that come under the Central Government and at the same time select students based on JEE Main scores?
Ans. Yes, there are certain reservations as mentioned below:
- General Economically Weaker Sections (GEN-EWS) – 10%
- Scheduled Castes (SC) – 15%
- Scheduled Tribes (ST) – 7.5%
- Non-Creamy Layer of Other Backward Classes (OBC-NCL) – 27%
- Persons with Disabilities – 5% in every category
Ques. What opportunities exist for Mechanical Engineering students who complete their studies?
Ans. With the planet at the vanguard of Revolution 4.0 and IoT-enabled technologies, a mechanical engineering specialisation is a blessing. Engineers will have complete insight of operations, allowing them to respond quickly to minute aspects relating to production processes. For mechanical engineers, breakthroughs in materials and analytical techniques have opened up new possibilities. The mechanical engineering toolkit has been broadened by nanotechnology, biotechnology, composites, computational fluid dynamics (CFD), and acoustical engineering. Mechanical engineers will have a lot of work prospects in the future as a result of new technology.
Ques. What are some of the different occupations that a Civil Engineering aspirant may do?
Ans.
- Construction Engineering
- Environmental Engineering
- Geotechnical Engineering
- Structural Engineering
- Transportation Engineering
- Urban Development
- Water Resource
Ques. Is it possible for aeronautical engineers to become pilots?
Ans. Being an aeronautical engineer is a wonderful start to becoming a pilot, but it does not guarantee one a seat in the cockpit. Gaining flying experience and obtaining the necessary licencing are all necessary steps in becoming a pilot.
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